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Tentang "KEAJAIBAN DUNIA"

Korea under Japanese rule

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 
 Korea under Japanese rule
日本統治時代の朝鮮
Nippon Tōchi-jidai no Chōsen
일제강점기 (日帝強占期)
Ilje gangjeomgi
Annexed dependency of the Empire of Japan
 
Korea under Japanese rule began with the end of the Joseon dynastic monarchy in Korea in 1910 and ended at the conclusion of World War II in 1945. Japanese rule of Korea was the outcome of a process that began with the Japan–Korea Treaty of 1876, whereby a complex coalition of Meiji government, military, and business officials sought to integrate Korea both politically and economically into the Empire of Japan. A major stepping-stone towards Japanese occupation of Korea was the Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905, in which the then-Empire of Korea was declared a protectorate of Japan. The annexation of Korea by Japan was set up in the Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910, which was never actually signed by the Korean regent, Gojong.[6][7][8]
Imperial Japanese rule over Korea ended in 1945, when American and Soviet forces captured the peninsula. In 1965 the unequal treaties between Joseon-ruled Korea and Imperial Japan, especially those of 1905 and 1910, were declared "already null and void" at the time of their promulgation (i.e. "dead on arrival", implicitly a declaration of their illegality) by the Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and South Korea.[8][9]
Japanese administration of the Korean Peninsula was directed through the General Government. After the Japanese withdrawal from the Korean Peninsula followed by the Japanese surrender to Allied forces at the end of the Second World War, Korea returned to self-government, albeit under two separate governments and economic systems backed (in the north) by the USSR and (in the south) by the United States.
The industrialization of the Korean Peninsula began with the Joseon dynasty (in particular with King, and later Emperor, Gojong) while Korea was still independent[10][11][12] but accelerated under Japanese occupation. It continues to be the subject of controversy between the two Koreas and Japan. The manner of the acceleration of industrialization under Japanese occupation, especially utilization of industrialization only for the purposes of benefiting Japan,[13] the exploitation of the Korean people in their own country, the marginalization of Korean history and culture, the environmental exploitation of the Korean Peninsula, and its long-term negative repercussions for modern-day North and South Korea are among the most provocative aspects of the controversy.
 

 

ISO 3166

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 
 
"Geographic code" redirects here. It is not to be confused with Geographic coding.
ISO 3166 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, special areas of geographical interest, and their principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states). The official name of the standard is Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions.

Contents

Parts

It consists of three parts:[1]
  • ISO 3166-1, Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1: Country codes, defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. It defines three sets of country codes:
  • ISO 3166-2, Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 2: Country subdivision code, defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.
  • ISO 3166-3, Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 3: Code for formerly used names of countries, defines codes for country names which have been deleted from ISO 3166-1 since its first publication in 1974.

Editions

The first edition of ISO 3166 was published in 1974, which included only alphabetic country codes. The second edition, published in 1981, also included numeric country codes, with the third and fourth editions published in 1988 and 1993 respectively. The fifth edition, published between 1997 and 1999, was expanded into three parts to include codes for subdivisions and former countries.[2]

ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency

The ISO 3166 standard is maintained by the ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency (ISO 3166/MA), located at the ISO central office in Geneva, Switzerland. Originally it was located at the Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN) in Berlin, Germany. Its principal tasks are:[3]
  • To add and to eliminate country names (respectively, country subdivision names) and to assign code elements to them;
  • To publish lists of country names (respectively, country subdivision names) and code elements;
  • To maintain a reference list of all country code elements and country subdivision code elements used and their period of use;
  • To issue newsletters announcing changes to the code tables;
  • To advise users on the application of ISO 3166.

Members

There are ten experts with voting rights on the ISO 3166/MA.[4] Five are representatives of national standards organizations:
The other five are representatives of major United Nations agencies or other international organizations who are all users of ISO 3166-1:
The ISO 3166/MA has further associated members who do not participate in the votes but who, through their expertise, have significant influence on the decision-taking procedure in the maintenance agency.

 

External links

Related websites

 

Dependent territory

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Notes and references

 

The World Factbook

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Not to be confused with Encyclopedia of the Central Intelligence Agency.
The World Factbook
CIA World Factbook Cover.jpg
Cover of the U.S. government print edition of The World Factbook (2014–15 edition)
Author Central Intelligence Agency
Country  United States
Language English
Genre Almanac about the countries of the world
Publisher Directorate of Intelligence[1]
Publication date
 See frequency of updates and availability, no longer published in paper book form by the CIA
The World Factbook (ISSN 1553-8133; also known as the CIA World Factbook)[2] is a reference resource produced by the Central Intelligence Agency with almanac-style information about the countries of the world. The official print version is available from the National Technical Information Service and the Government Printing Office. Other companies—such as Skyhorse Publishing—also print a paper edition. The Factbook is available in the form of a website that is partially updated every week. It is also available for download for use off-line. It provides a two- to three-page summary of the demographics, geography, communications, government, economy, and military of each of 267 international entities[3] including U.S.-recognized countries, dependencies, and other areas in the world.
The World Factbook is prepared by the CIA for the use of U.S. Government officials, and its style, format, coverage, and content are primarily designed to meet their requirements.[4] However, it is frequently used as a resource for academic research papers and news articles.[5] As a work of the U.S. Government, it is in the public domain in the United States.[6]

Contents

 

Sources

In researching the Factbook, the CIA uses the sources listed below. Other public and private sources are also consulted.[4]
 
 

Bureau of Labor Statistics

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 
The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) is a unit of the United States Department of Labor. It is the principal fact-finding agency for the U.S. government in the broad field of labor economics and statistics and serves as a principal agency of the U.S. Federal Statistical System. The BLS is a governmental statistical agency that collects, processes, analyzes, and disseminates essential statistical data to the American public, the U.S. Congress, other Federal agencies, State and local governments, business, and labor representatives. The BLS also serves as a statistical resource to the Department of Labor, and conducts research into how much families need to earn to be able to enjoy a decent standard of living.[5]
The BLS data must satisfy a number of criteria, including relevance to current social and economic issues, timeliness in reflecting today’s rapidly changing economic conditions, accuracy and consistently high statistical quality, impartiality in both subject matter and presentation, and accessibility to all. To avoid the appearance of partiality, the dates of major data releases are scheduled more than a year in advance, in coordination with the Office of Management and Budget
 
 
 
 

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